HATCHING, the origin of the city / Menis Arquitectos

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转载自http://www.gooood.hk/hatching-menis-arquitectos.htm
Appreciation towards Menis Arquitectos for providing the following description:

1. “HATCHING—城市之源”可以帮助提高撒哈拉沙漠及地球上其他沙漠上所有“居民”的生存条件
2. MENIS项目旨在寻求自然能源和建筑体之间的共生。

. ‘HATCHING, the origin of the city’ could improve the life conditions of all the inhabitants of the Sahara Desert and other desert areas of the planet.
. MENIS project seeks the symbiosis between natural energy and the manipulation of the shape integrated in the landscape.

Hatching利用以下几点来创造可生存的环境：
-利用副热带高压带吹向赤道低气压带的信风
-从云中获取凝结水
-建筑下面的部分阻隔热风
-阻隔强光
-创造新鲜的室内空气
该项目通过以上元素创造适合生命体生存的微气候。

Hatching is a machine that produces life through:
- Catching the tradewinds at great altitudes
- Water condensation from the clouds
- Protection from the warm winds in lower parts
- Protection from the sun
- Creating interior freshness
Throughout these elements a microclimate that makes life possible is generated.

概念

20世纪出现了许多与能源相关的建筑理论。
如“明日之城”的概念旨在改革人们的生活方式，在设计过程中建立新的参数，并决定人们的需求。这些
概念的产生通常是迎合了当时人类生活的需求及对舒适生活环境的渴望。然而，追溯建筑起源，我们会发现建筑最初都是建在气候和地理条件优越
的地区。建筑发展面临的挑战是如何不断适应人类的需求，以及如何创造能不断进化的可持续城市环境。

本研究的目标是探索能鼓励和支撑生命体的生存环境，回溯到生命源头，提供地球上生命体曾经需要过、现在需要以及将来需要的基本生存元素。
通过借助自然的力量将不适合生存的区域变成绿洲，创造出可持续的理想生存环境。

TOWARDS THE CONCEPT

In the 20th century many architectural theories considering infinite energy were developed.

Concepts like “City of Tomorrow” intended to reform the way people live, to set up the new parameters in the designing process, and to decide
what the population need. These ideas often respond to the needs of human life and the desired comfort of living at the moment projected.
However, going back to the fundamentals of building, settlements were first created where climatic and geographic conditions were most
favourable. The challenge lies in responding to the needs of the population at all times, developing the urban environment sustainably with
the possibility to evolve.

The aim throughout this study is to explore ways to create an environment that encourages and supports life inside of it, going back to the
fundamentals of life, offering what life on earth needed,needs and will need. Using and empowering the forces of nature, an inhabitable area
will turn into an oasis, generating a timeless habitat with the ideal conditions for life.

沙漠中的生存之洲

撒哈拉沙漠的气候条件十分复杂。极端气候驻扎于此，自然规律定义着这片荒凉之地。白天十分炎热，温度可高达38°C；但到了夜晚，由于缺乏云
层的保护气温会急剧下降。

该项目旨在从大自然中获取生命体的生存要素，将荒凉的沙漠变成可生存空间。对创造可持续生态系统和可生存环境的探索最终化身成建筑的基本
结构—方体。

A LIVEABLE HABITAT IN THE DESERT

The starting point of reasoning is complicated in such an inhospitable territory as the Sahara’s. It is a place of extremes where the natural rules
are defined intensively. The days are hot, often reaching 38°C. During the night the atmosphere cools down quickly because of the lack of insulating
cloud cover.

The project is based on the appropriation of the inhospitable territory by using the forces of nature, being the fundamentals for life. The exploration
of creating a sustainable ecosystem, making the life possible, is done within a fundamental shape in architecture: the cube.

该项目设计了1km x 1km x 1km的方体结构（其实体模型规格为1m x 1m x 1m，在威尼斯双年展中展出），借助自然的独特能量在这个方体体量中创
造微气候，让生命在荒凉沙漠绽放。沙漠阳光和大西洋的风成为主要能源，为营造零能耗的可生存环境提供了基本要素：

Taking the dimensions of the cubical frame 1km x 1km x 1km (the physical model with dimensions 1m x 1m x 1m is displayed in Venice Biennale),
possibilities arise to explore unique qualities of the natural forces in such volume to create a microclimate, inviting life into the inhospitable
environment. The abundance of desert sun and the Atlantic Ocean winds at great altitudes then serve as the main energy sources and provide
the fundamentals to create a habitable environment, being zero-energy:

1 从大西洋吹来的新鲜湿润的信风带来自然通风和湿度。
2 北风会逐渐侵蚀建筑结构，使建筑体北面出现孔隙，湿润风穿过孔隙进入内部并形成浓云。多孔结构可以过滤和提取云中的水气。这个凝结过程
使得植被在微气候中心蓬勃生长，创造了水循环。水被储存在建筑结构的隔热基座中，可以有效保持水温。
3 隔热基层还能起到隔离下端暖风的作用。
4 生命需要太阳提供光照，同时也需要阴影，因此建筑南部在起到阻隔强光的同时能让光线穿透室内。
5 建筑结构外围穿透着无数的小孔和开口。这些孔洞和开口是由隧道与内部空间构成的复杂系统的出入口。风从中穿过，为内部带来新鲜空气和良
好的通风条件。

该设计通过借助自然力量在沙漠中打造了适合生存的微气候，从完全不同的角度对“理想城”结构进行了重新思考。它可以跟随自然不断进化、大自
然成为塑造这个构体形态的天然工匠。

1. Natural ventilation and humidity will be gained from catching the fresh and humid trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean.
2. Northern winds are eroding the structure, making the north side more porous, allowing the humid winds to enter and form dense clouds in the
interior. The porous structure hereby filters and extracts the humidity from the clouds. This condensation process makes it is possible for vegetation
to erupt in the epicentre of the microclimate, creating a circulation of water. Water is also stored in the insulated base of the structure where the
water maintains its temperature.
3. The insulated base also functions as protection from the lower warm winds.
4. As it is that life needs the sun, providing light and shadow, the south side will provide shelter from the sun while at the same time allowing
sunrays to come in.
5. The numerous small pores and large openings penetrate through the peripheries of the structure. These are the entrances and exits for the
complex system of canals and chambers through which the winds can blow, providing interior freshness and ventilation.

Using the forces of nature as the design tools to originate a liveable microclimate in the desert, the structure of the “ideal city” was rethought
from an entirely different perspective. The project evolves naturally and is shaped by nature.

自然法则塑造了一个人工打造的可持续环境。它是生命起源的温床。这个沙漠中的三维绿洲展示了人们对于可持续居住环境的重新思考。然而，这
只是漫长道路的开端，我们的目标是在沙漠中创造适合生命体生存的环境、甚至是适合人类居住的绿洲之城。

An artificial timeless environment defined by natural rules, functioning like a nest where life can originate; a three-dimensional oasis in the desert
that exemplifies the rethinking of the sustainable habitat. Our focus is on the first step of many; creating the fundament for inviting life into the
desert and the possibility for human intervention –the city.

↑ Fernando Menis

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