阳光别墅

别墅

作者：dandan0906

Villa Solaire
设计方：JKA 和 FUGA
位置：法国
分类：别墅建筑
内容：实景照片
图片：23张
摄影师：Julien Lanoo

法国建筑设计事务所JKA和设计工作室FUGA合作，将一座法国19世纪的山地农庄改建为一座度假别墅，采用了低矮的木制外墙，并在阴影处开了一些小洞。为了重现当地传统建筑的韵律和图案，JKA 和FUGA采用了一英寸厚的粗糙云杉板条，而这些材料需要提前一年就开始进行收集。只有少数的木材有足够的纹理和尺寸。在典型的山地谷仓中，木板之间的缝隙能够促进室内空气流通，让草更快干燥，不过这座别墅中的缝隙则完全是为了让阳光渗入室内。设计师观察了相邻建筑保持了在这座别墅上的投影，并根据这些阴影决定打开缝隙的位置，所形成的图案在建筑上直接描绘了阴影感。在室内，开缝的地方也洒进了更多阳光。开始是先切出缝隙再进行拼装，后来发现先拼装后切割是更为简单经济的办法，所以请了当地木工直接手工切割。建造的进程很缓慢，但是所呈现出来的是完全的手工质感。原来农庄的结构框架被修复了，在这个过程中设计师们获得了非同寻常的经验，在当地，大部分的农庄都将一层的木结构换成了混凝土，而这座住宅中还保留着完整的木质框架。在这座两层的建筑之内，水池周围的岩板铺砖采用的是原来屋顶上的回收材料。卧室和厨房分别位于二层的两个角落中，在中间留下了十字形的起居空间，在四个方向都有开窗。

French architects JKA and design studio FUGA have converted a nineteenth century Alpine farmhouse in France into a holiday villa with chunky wooden cladding and cut-outs based on the shadows of other buildings.To recreate the rhythms and patterns of the traditional local buildings， JKA and FUGA used one-inch-thick roughly sawn spruce planks， which they had to source over a year in advance. ”Only a few trunks presented enough nodes and few clapboards big enough were able to be pulled from each trunk. In typical Alpine barns the gaps between disjointed wooden planks would allow air to circulate round drying hay， but at Villa Solaire the gaps between each panel simply let extra light into the rooms inside.The architects studied the shadows cast onto the villa by neighbouring buildings to determine the positions of the cut-out patterns. “The pattern within the cladding is designed to respond to the path described by these shadows. The areas receiving a greater amount of sun are all the more open，” Koempgen said.Originally they planned to cut the wood digitally before installation， but instead found it easier and more economical to attach the boards to the building frame first， then stencil on the patterns and employ a local carpenter to cut them by hand. “The construction marks slowly disappear but the cladding keeps the valor and traces of the handmade work，” Koempgen explained.The framework of the original farmhouse was restored， which the architects describe as an unusual practice. “A lot of operations on old farmhouses used to cut out the wood structure of the first level and replace it with concrete structures. In our case， the existing skeleton was integrally conserved，” added Koempgen.Inside the two-story house， a ground floor wading pool is surrounded with recycled slate tiles that were originally used to cover the roof.Bedroom suites and a kitchen are located on the first floor and are positioned at each of the corners， leaving a cross-shaped living room between with windows on all four walls.