峭壁之屋

超妹大爱infini

所 在 地：澳洲 莫宁顿半岛

Bluff House

坐落在莫宁顿半岛上的峭壁之屋是一座假日别墅。从建筑本身来说，它处在两种截然不同的环境的交点上：一侧是崎岖不平的海岸线，另一侧则是一派田园风光。
在维多利亚州福林德小镇的海边峭壁上，人们能看到非常棒的景色。北边是宁静如田园诗般的乡村，而在南边则是巴斯海峡雄伟的悬崖和海浪。处在这两种景色之间的建筑，必须平滑地应对矛盾和差异。因此在两个方向上“峭壁之屋”有两个不同的外表——向北的外立面用黑基木的板条拼成，因此即便建筑外形看上去棱角分明，但依旧是一幢可爱亲切的小木屋。而向南的外立面则采用了更加锋利刚劲的外形，并且主要采用的材料是漆成暗色的钢材与玻璃。从通常的思路上看，人们很难将这两种完全不同的风格联想到同一座建筑之上。另外建筑本身的锐角造型是出于防止日光与强风损害室内居住环境。毕竟在澳洲，这二者都比在其他地方更加强烈。
与方正的底层平面不同，二层平面虽然也整体呈线性布置，不过这条基线因为要避让地基上原本生长的几棵树而折了两道弯。在基线的两头，主卧室和客厅的一部分尖锐地挑了出去，形成两个悬挑在外的犄角，或者说是向海边伸出去的平台。这样的形状给使用者带来一种超然感，仿佛身处一只悬空的刀锋上。
业主要求峭壁之屋被设计成一座假日别墅，但同时也要考虑将来作为住宅使用。这在如今算是一个越来越不少见的要求——也许是经济危机让有钱人的钱包也缩水了。建筑师在这个要求下必须考虑一个让人矛盾的问题：怎样让一座声色犬马的别墅同时也能满足日常生活的种种要求。室内采用的材料和基调与室外一致，这是一个好办法。灰色墙面，黑基木内饰，巧克力色与白色的搭配，外加上胸墙与隔墙组成的流畅的空间，这一切都为峭壁之屋构造了一个雅致而朴素的内部印象。与通常别墅的富丽堂皇、大红大紫不同，简洁的色调对于外部环境一年四季的颜色变化来说，永远是合适的。
另外从建造上说，峭壁之屋有一个钢混结构的方正的底层，用来支撑钢预制件和木结构的上层空间。这样简练的设计对于减少建造成本和缩短工期都有很好的效果。除此之外建筑本身的外形遮挡了强烈阳光，和保温系统搭配起来也对节能非常有帮助。峭壁之屋的屋顶还含有一套雨水收集管道，将水储存起来用以浇灌花园。
这是一个看似简单的工程项目，但却在种种细节上体现着建筑师的想法和丰富的经验——对于建筑师来说，经验永远是制胜秘诀。另外拥有两张不同外表的房子，看来也是个挺好的思路。
译者：周源
译稿版权归筑龙网所有，转载请注明出处。
Bluff House on the Mornington Peninsula in Victoria is a holiday home which confidently addresses the challenges of a dual interface with a rugged coastline and the neighbouring rural countryside.
The building sits on top of an escarpment in the seaside township of Flinders. The view is world class， serene and bucolic to the rural north and to the south a brutal seascape over nearby Bass Straight. The site is located on a transition point between two geologies. This has resulted in a land slip affected site， most dangerous at a point where the site views are at their best. Deep bored piers anchor the building to the crest of the allotment at ground floor level whilst at the upper level， the floor plate cantilevers over the steep terrain below.
The first floor plan is a linear arrangement of spaces kinked around existing trees. The cantilevered corners of the living room and main bedroom give the feeling of detachment from the building， a feeling of leaning over the edge.
The building has two faces. The benign northern orientation has views over paddocks defined by rows of pine windbreaks with rolling hills in the foreground. This facade is clad in tailored narrow blackbutt timber boards and reads as an angular but warm and welcoming timber house. The more inclement southern orientation has resulted in a brooding and sharp composition of dark painted steel and glass. The two facades are not seen together yet co-exist. The geometry resulting from the angles of the building offer a multitude of indoor and outdoor refuges from the sun and wind.
The brief was to design a holiday home which would become a semi permanent home at some time in the future， an increasingly common brief these days .The gay abandon of the archetypal holiday retreat had to be somehow tempered with the ever increasing list of requirements of an everyday home.
The uniformity of the cladding and the jagged composition of walls and parapets suggest house as sculpture， something timeless， non utilitarian and something which will maintain the excitement generated by this location. The spareness of the palette of the external materials continues inside. Grey tiled floors， blackbutt floor boards， white acoustic ceiling and chocolate brown wall panels reinforce the subdued internal experience and the ever changing external colours.
The ground floor slab is a rigid base upon which sits a flexible superstructure of timber studs and steel roof members. The high specification factory painted steel facade allowed for off site pre fabrication which aided in speed and economy of construction. The timber framing and lining boards also added to the economy and simplicity of the project.
The shell is highly insulated; deep overhangs protect the double glazed windows from unwanted sun. Roof catchment is a water source for both the building and the drought tolerant garden.
This is a tightly planned building of great complexity and variety of experiences.A two faced house is not necessarily a bad thing!