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| 这座小型建筑由两面弧形混凝土墙和悬挑屋顶组成。这些简单的混凝土构件直接划分出室内和室外空间，同时定义了两个入口。它们最显著的特点便是其几何复杂性——在平面上它们呈现出四组曲率不同的弧线，并且从墙根起便于垂直线倾斜了15度。在它们上方，悬挑出的曲线屋顶挑出距离从两米到十米不等。出色的结构分析保证了这个造型的安全和稳定。建筑的外形与地基土壤承载力较低的问题要求在地基下必须打入一组2米间距的端承桩——长宽0.4米，深度达13米。这组桩在地面上的部分则是长宽0.6米的支撑梁。两面混凝土弧形墙便放在这个地基系统上。悬挑屋顶的横断面采用了后张预应力构件，完全抵消了屋顶自重产生的结构应力。 |
| 由于整个混凝土结构没有任何覆盖而完全暴露在外，因此建筑师采用了不同形态的混凝土纹路来增加空间丰富感——木纹或者条状木纹，以及不同的颜色。为了与环境取得部分一致，在混凝土原料中加入了本地特产的一种染料，这让混凝土出现淡淡的褐色。结构浇筑从一个小设备室开始。施工方借用这个小面积浇筑以确定混凝土的特性。其后的混凝土墙的浇筑则分为两个步骤：首先浇筑两米高的斜墙，然后是悬挑屋顶。当浇筑结束后，还要建造屋顶加强件，以确保结构安全稳定。 |
| The building consists of two independent curved walls that supports cantilevered roofs. In their perimeter this concrete elements cover both interior and exterior spaces and define the botanical garden entrance (49). The main feature of this concrete elements is their geometrical complexity: the walls at the ground level have 4 different curvature centers and each of them tilts around 15 degrees. At the roof level， the overhanging slabs have distances between 2 m and 10 m (32). Structural analysis and model development in SAP 2000 v.11 helped to develop a structure where safety and economy found a balance. |
| The building geometrical complexity and the small bearing capacity of foundation soil required a foundation system composed by 13 m long driven piles with a square cross section of 0.40 m (04). The piles were joined at the ground level by a beam with a square cross section of 0.60 m and spaced every 2 m (05，12). The two reinforced concrete walls (0.40 m of thickness) are recessed in the foundation system (07， 08， 09). At the roof level， the walls are joined to each other: their unstable condition required a contact point between them just under the overlap of the roof slabs (27). The roof structure consist of a reinforced concrete slab that decreases in thickness along the cantilever (33). At the intersection with the walls， the slab reaches 0.40 m; at the end of the cantilever， the slab reaches 0.25 m (31). The roof， in its transverse direction， was built as a post-tensioned element. In this way， tensions were offset and filtrations were avoided. |
| The soil has a high water table due to proximity to the Quebrada el Molino. This situation required the construction of an earth fill (3 m high) that could make more appropriate the implantation site. The foundation system has 56 driven piles (13 m long) that follow the axis of the main walls. The heads of the piles are joined by the foundation beam. This concrete element (thickness 0.4 m， high 5.5 m) will be the sloping walls base (10). |
| Due to the absence of any coating， many samples of concrete were made. Those helped to evaluate the concrete finish given by the different formworks (wood type， wooden strip modulation， joints and cuttings of the wooden boards) and features of the different concretes (colors， aggregates， pigmentation， plasticity， expansion joints). At the end of the process， the formwork is made with Soho wood (36). To get a Ochre finish， the chosen concrete had oxifer pigment and aggregates found in the region (37). The steel rods that assemble the concrete reinforcement have a diameter ranging between 1?” and ?”(17， 20). |
| The pouring of concrete walls starts with the construction of the pavilion which will serve as a technical room. This building allows to verify the features of the concrete (01， 02， 03). The pouring of the main walls is divided in three steps: in the first two steps， the walls reached 2m of high (21， 23， 24， 25). During the last step， the walls are completed and the pouring of the roof slab starts. At the same time， secondary walls are builded. |
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发表于 2013-6-14 12:18:45
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